Global Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment
Volume 1, Issue 2, August 2021, Pages: 14-20
Received: May 10, 2021; Accepted: May 14, 2021; Published: June 6, 2021
Authors: Ms. Ayça Nur DEMİR
Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University
introduction:
According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO); cancer is the second cause of death in the world, and 8.8 million individuals died of cancer in 2015; lung cancer in men and breast cancer in women are the first and most common type of cancer; It is stated that breast cancer ranks fifth among all cancer deaths.(1) It is stated that the incidence of breast cancer is lower in developing countries than in the West, but the mortality rate from new breast cancer and disease is higher; It is stated that this situation is due to inadequate access to diagnosis and treatment opportunities and partly because these countries constitute a larger part of the world population. The countries with the highest breast cancer incidence are the Netherlands 95.3%, France 94.6%, USA 90.6%; The countries with the lowest incidence are Thailand 25.6%, Algeria 29.8% and India 30.9%.(2) It is thought that the cause of breast cancer is not dependent on a single factor or is not known precisely, and many genetic, hormonal, environmental, psychological or biochemical factors may be effective; However, it is stated that the majority of women (70%) with breast cancer do not have a known risk factor.(3) Although a great deal of scientific, technological and methodological developments and positive contributions have been observed in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, it is stated that the incidence of breast cancer has increased in the world and in Turkey. In recent studies, it has been determined that working at night and low vitamin D levels increase the risk of breast cancer. Today, mammography is used more and more for early diagnosis; Sentinel lymph node biopsy is superior to axillary lymph node dissection in terms of morbidity; It has been determined that breast-conserving surgery provides survival equivalent to mastectomy, and these two new approaches that benefit the patient have begun to be used more widely. Another improvement is that the ideal therapy with the highest efficacy and least side effects can be applied through individualized / targeted therapy by using biomarkers in molecular classification. As a result of the studies conducted on the methods that determine the “genetic fingerprint”, which produces the genetic fingerprint of cancer cells and the “driver / driver mutation” gene, the main gene that directs the course of the tumor in the body, it is noted that the genetic mutation can be treated by pinpointing drugs that block the driver mutation.(4)
Keywords: Breast, cancer, developments, treatment
References:
1-) World Health Organization. Cancer. (Update: 2018 Feb 1; Cited: 2018 May 5) Available from: www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/
2-) Medical News Today. Worldwide Statistics on Breast Cancer. (Cited: 2018 May 5) Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317135.
3-) Akyolcu N. Memenin Cerrahi Hastalıkları ve Bakımı [Surgical diseases and care of breast]. Akyolcu N, Kanan N, Aksoy G, editörler. Cerrahi Hemşireliği II. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2018. p. 327-76.
4-) Akyolcu, N., Özhanli, Y., Kandemir, D. (2019). “Recent Developments in Breast Cancer” Journal of Health Science andProfession, 6(3): 583-94.
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To citation of this article: Ms. Ayça Nur DEMİR, Current Developments in Breast Cancer, Current Developments in Breast Cancer