The Pathobiology and Clinical implications of Paraneoplastic Syndromes in patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasia : Science, Basics and Updates

April 12, 2020

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Global Journal of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolic Disorders
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2020, Pages: 28-40
Received: Mar. 17, 2020; Accepted: Apr. 17, 2020; Published: Apr. 27, 2020

Authors: Prof. Tareq Ali, Professor of internal medicine and Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt and Senior Consultant Physician, internal medicine, UAE

Abstract:

Neuroendocrine tumors are a group of Neoplasia affecting humans which may be either benign or malignant, secretory or non-secretory, functional or non-functional and they have the ability to synthesize and produce humoral or biologically active substances, unique of the mother cell of origin, that can cause distinct clinical non-metastatic systemic features called paraneoplastic (Humoral) Syndromes.

These constellations of clinical signs and symptoms can precede or coincide with the onset of diagnosis of the underling NET Or may present later after the clinical diagnosis of the underlying pathologic cause, the NET responsible. The pathobiology of PNSs and its pathologic and clinical implications need to be elucidated and characterized early in the clinical course and natural history of evolution and progression of NETs.

Keywords: Neuroendocrine, Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Neoplasia, Biomarkers.

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To citation of this article: Prof. Tareq Ali, The Pathobiology and Clinical implications of Paraneoplastic Syndromes in patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasia: Science, Basics and Updates, Global Journal of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolic Disorders.

Early identification and diagnosis of these syndromes are linked to the early diagnosis and better clinical outcome of the underlying primary tumor and have to be addressed to increase the clinical awareness of the link between Neuroendocrine Neoplasia and the increasing frequency of its biologic humoral or immune-mediated non-metastatic systemic pathologic features and clinical disorders and presentations. This will ultimately help in estimating its prevalence among patients with NETs.

Advances in the diagnosis and localization of NETs presenting with PNSs, using new Biomarkers and chemical pathologic features and thence sophisticated high tech Radiologic approaches including Scintigraphy and cytogenetics and genetic mapping, will help in better clinical approach in treatment and will make treatment decisions more logical and wise, especially as far as precision therapy is implemented in every individual case.

This will also help in the early identification of the primary tumors and better characterization of these syndromes and helps in the future implementation of strategies for evidence-based management protocols, both diagnostic and therapeutic.

The development of well-structured multicenter trials is a priority in the field of science of neuroendocrine Neoplasia in order to understand further the pathophysiology and biologic behavior and natural course of Paraneoplastic syndromes and its clinical implications and then, how to tailor precision therapy as a current advance in clinical Medicine and fill the gap between Research and Practice in this field in the future to help clinicians to improve the healthcare of this group of patients, both diagnostically and prognostically.